by donyork » Fri Dec 31, 2004 3:05 am
To understand what happened in 1974 you have to understand what happened in the beginning of this tragedy — and there is no excuse for not knowing. It may be helpful therefore to go back ten years to the the events which brought this about, and when it was not Greek Cypriots but Turkish Cypriots who were fleeing their homes — no less a tragedy, as I am sure you would agree. The following quotes, albeit only a sample, tell the story as it began in Christmas 1963. There are similar accounts for the years following and prior to the Turkish landings in 1974, all of them contemporary and all independently sourced.
We went tonight into the sealed-off Turkish Cypriot quarter of Nicosia in which 200 to 300 people had been slaughtered in the last five days. We were the first Western reporters there, and we have seen sights too frightful to be described in print. Horror so extreme that the people seemed stunned beyond tears’ — London Daily Express, Dec 28, 1963.
It is nonsense to claim, as the Greek Cypriots do, that all casualties were caused by fighting between armed men of both sides. On Christmas Eve many Turkish Cypriot people were brutally attacked and murdered in their suburban homes, including the wife and children of a doctor — allegedly by a group of 40 men, many in army boots and greatcoats’ — The Guardian, London, Dec 31 1963.
When I came across the Turkish Cypriot houses they were an appalling sight. Apart from the walls they just did not exist. I doubt if a napalm attack could have created more devastation. Under roofs which had caved in I found a twisted mass of bedsprings, children’s cots, and grey ashes of what had once been tables, chairs, and wardrobes. In the neighbouring village of Ayios Vassilios I counted 16 wrecked and burned out homes. They were all Turkish Cypriot. In neither village did I find a scrap of damage to any Greek Cypriot houses.— London Daily Herald, Jan 1, 1964
The Greek Cypriot police are led by extremists who provoked the fighting and deliberately engaged in atrocities. They have recruited into their ranks as ‘special constables’ gun-happy young thugs. They threaten to try and punish any Turkish Cypriot police who wishes to return to the Cyprus Government...Makarios has assured that there will be no attack. His assurance is as worthless as previous assurances have proved. — British High Commissioner to Foreign Office, London, Jan 12 1964
Right now we are witnessing the exodus of Turkish Cypriots from the villages. Thousands of people abandoning homes, land, herds. Greek Cypriot terrorism is relentless. This time the rhetoric of the Hellenes and the statues of Plato do not cover up their barbaric and ferocious behaviour. —Il Giorno, Italy, Jan 14, 1964.
Greek Cypriot fanatics appear bent on a policy of genocide — Washington Post, Feb 17 1964
UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances...it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting. In Ktima 38 houses have been destroyed totally and 122 partially. In the Orphomita suburb of Nicosia, 50 houses have been totally destroyed while a further 240 have been partially destroyed there and in adjacent suburbs...thousands of Turkish Cypriots fled their homes, taking with them only what they could drive or carry, and sought refuge in safer villages and areas.—Report of the UN Secretary-General to the Security Council, Sep 10, 1964.
The effect of the crisis of December 1963 was to deliver control of the formal organs of government into the hands of the Greek Cypriots alone. Claiming to be acting in accordance with ‘the doctrine of necessity’ the Greek Cypriot members of the House of Representatives enacted a series of laws which provided for the operation of the organs of government without Turkish Cypriot participation. ..There is little doubt that much of the violence...and the displacement of about a quarter of the total Turkish Cypriot population was either directly inspired by, or certainly connived at, by the Greek Cypriot leadership.— Report, House of Commons Foreign Affairs Select Committee.