Alexsis- this is respectfully for you, since you are a free thinker and would like to know the true concerns of a tc.
I first visited Cyprus in 66 and stayed for about six months. my concerns:
After independence in 1960 Makarios was made president, then it really gets messy and confused.
He became President of a newly formed nation. Where his ambitions and loyalties lay is the real mystery. On the one hand his greek and gc rivals still wanted to complete the hope of enosis. Their reasoning was that (a) with the british now gone getting rid of the tcs shouldn’t be too much of a problem, and it could be done in a week or so, before turkey had time to react, and once this had been accomplished there would be no reasonable obstacle to completing the original goal i.e. enonsis. Or (b) the tcs would have to accept enosis whether they wanted it or not.
Of all the high ranking greek and gc officials Makarios was the one who stood back and took the threat of Turkey implementing guarantor power seriously. Or then again, as a man of God maybe he found it hard to reconcile his religious beliefs with slaughtering innocent beings. The Greek mainland leaders became untrusting of Makarios, and a rift began to grow between Nicosia and Athens.
From here I see three possibilities
1) Makarios having tasted power in Cyprus turned his back on the idea of Enosis. Why should he now give up the power which he fought the British for, to Athens?
2) As a man of God he may have harboured desires to live in peace and forge an independent nation of gc and tc living in peace and harmony.
3) He still envisaged Enosis.
The first two options enraged Athens – the third enraged Ankara.
Whichever path he took he was damned. He had to keep Athens happy, Athens did presumably finance his war of independence against Britain and wanted to see the rewards of their backing. He had to keep Ankara happy as well.
Under these conditions it is no surprise that whatever he did he had to do under a veil of secrecy. Did he authorise the sporadic attacks which gcs inflicted upon tcs, or did someone like grivas backed by Athens do them without Makarios’s knowledge.
Did Makarios still harbour real thoughts of enosis, but fearing Turkish guarantor power would not authorise a full scale attack on tcs, but instead played a diplomatically subtle game of mild ethnic cleansing of tcs, with political deprivation of tcs under the banner of protecting the national interest, together with the sporadic violent attacks on tcs, making security and life so uncomfortable for tcs that they would want to leave of their own accord, thus enabling the completion of Enosis, with limited bloodshed.
Two post coup Makarios Quotes -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makarios#Quotes
“The coup of the Greek junta is an invasion, and from its consequences the whole people of Cyprus suffers, both Greeks and Turks.” - Makarios, July 19, 1974, UN Security Council
“Independence was not the aim of the EOKA struggle. Foreign factors have prevented the achievement of the national goal, but this should not be a cause for sorrow, New bastions have been conquered and from these bastions the Greek Cypriots will march on to complete the final victory.” - Makarios, August 16, 1974
hmmmm
The “Final Victory”?
Makarios was no fool, he was a highly intelligent man whose loyalties and aspirations for himself and his people had to constantly be juggled to suit the conflicting interests of Athens, Enosis, Ankara, an Independent Cyprus, the Greek Cypriots, and the Turkish Cypriots.
“Foreign factors”?
Britain didn’t really come into it that much and would have been happy with any settlement agreed upon by Greece, Turkey, and the people of Cyprus, providing Britain kept a presence on the island i.e. their bases, particularly in light of the middle east. America was happy to use the british bases for intelligence, after all they had large bases in Turkey. Americas biggest concern was keeping the Soviets out of Cyprus.
Turkey?
Turkey was well aware that with no Tcs on Cyprus Turkey would have no legal reason, to be on Cyprus, and certainly no international support. To this end and with tcs position and will gradually eroding, did they have something to do with the planning of the 74 coup, thus giving them a right to send in her troops? Turkey certainly did not want to stand by and allow the suffering of tcs only 40 miles from her shores.
USA?
It has been said that the coup was USA backed, if so they would have been the winner whatever the result. They would have the Greek colonels whom they allegedly supported in charge of Cyprus, instead of Makarios who had threatened friendship with the Soviets, or USA would have had any ally Turkey in the driving seat. However it should be noted that Turkey did not take all of Cyprus but only a third. This may have been because of US demands, or it may have been to provide a safe haven for tcs, as well as providing a military presence on both two sides of the sea off her southern shores.
Greece
During the 60's She secretly sent between 10 and 20,000 thousand soldiers to Cyprus, what were they for? and what kind of govt was Makarios running if he was unaware of these soldiers?. Cyprus is not such a big place that 20 or even 10 thousand soldiers go un-noticed.. As a defense force even 20,000 Greek soldiers wouldn’t have held up a real Turkish military attack for more than a few months.