Under the Schengen Evaluation Mechanism, established in October 2013, Schengen evaluations are carried out in Member States based on a multi-annual and an annual evaluation programme. Such visits can be announced or unannounced and are carried out by Commission-led teams with experts from Member States and Frontex.
An evaluation of the application of the Schengen rules in the field of external border management by Greece was carried out in November 2015. The Evaluation Report, which revealed serious deficiencies in the carrying out of external border control by Greece, was adopted by the Commission on 2 February 2016. Recommendations for remedial action were adopted by the Council on 12 February 2016.
As the Evaluation Report found serious deficiencies, the Commission adopted on 24 February 2016 an implementing decision setting out recommendations on specific measures to be taken by Greece. The recommendations seek to ensure that Greece applies all Schengen rules related to management of the external border.
On 12 March 2016, Greece presented its Action Plan to remedy the deficiencies identified in the evaluation report and subject to the Council recommendations. On 12 April 2016 the Commission presented its assessment of the adequacy of the Action Plan. On 29 April 2016, Greece presented its report on the implementation of the Action Plan.
In accordance with the Schengen Borders Code, the Commission must assess on the basis of a report by Greece to be presented within three months of the Council recommendations, whether the serious deficiencies still persist.
On 4 May 2016, the Commission proposed to the Council to adopt a Recommendation to prolong proportionate temporary controls at certain internal Schengen borders, namely in Germany, Austria, Sweden, Denmark and Norway, for a maximum period of six months.