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Turkey raises rates to stop lira’s slide amid EM turmoil
By Daniel Dombey in Istanbul
Turkey responded to the pressure on emerging markets with a surprise 50 basis point interest rate rise to prop up the lira, in spite of domestic political resistance to tighter monetary policy.
The country’s central bank on Tuesday decided to raise the overnight lending rate a day after the lira hit a record low against the euro amid a rout that saw many other leading emerging market currencies fall.
Most analysts surveyed before the decision had expected the bank not to raise rates, a hot political topic in Turkey.
Prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan has made clear his aversion to high interest rates by repeatedly denouncing an ill-defined “interest rate lobby”, an alleged conspiracy to hold back the country’s growth through tighter monetary policy. He has also blamed the “interest rate lobby” for orchestrating the protests that rocked Turkey in June.
“The hike in Turkish interest rates merely underlines how vulnerable the economy is to the recent slowdown in capital inflows,” said William Jackson of Capital Economics, a London-based consultancy. He highlighted the switch from $9bn in inflows into Turkish stocks and bonds for the first five months of the year, to $3bn in outflows from the start of June to August 9.
Because of limited foreign direct investment, portfolio funds underwrite about 80 per cent of Turkey’s substantial current account deficit, which requires financing of about $5bn a month in portfolio inflows.
But after years in which quantitative easing in the US and elsewhere pushed capital to Turkey and many other fast growing economies in a search for higher returns, higher yields on US Treasuries and the prospect of Federal Reserve tapering have put increasing pressure on emerging market currencies.
Ankara is particularly sensitive to foreign exchange movements, because in addition to the country running a current account deficit of about $55bn a year, the Turkish public and private sector have between them $163bn in external debt due in the next 12 months.
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