Cyprus-Forum.com

[insan]

254. Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of StateSourceSource: Department of State, Central Files, 780A.00/1 – 562. Confidential. Repeated to Athens, Ankara, and Nicosia.

London, January 5, 1962, 6 p.m.

2518. British Government seriously concerned over statement January 4 by President Makarios of Cyprus that he would seek amendment certain provisions Cyprus constitution.11. In the January 4 statement, Makarios stated that he would “disregard or seek revision” of parts of the Cypriot Constitution because their abuse by the Turkish minority was endangering the Republic's existence. In talk with Ambassador January 5, Jamieson of Central Department said Makarios effort this direction not only illegal in terms basic agreement but could stimulate communal violence in Cyprus.

As consequence:

1. UK instructing Embassy Athens see Greek Government and state move by Makarios could provoke crisis reopening Cyprus settlement and possibility invocation treaty of guarantee. UK desires avoid this at all costs. Embassy to ask Greeks to urge moderation on Makarios.

2. Although doubting representations to Turks would be helpful at moment, British Ambassador to urge patience on Turkish Government. UK does not desire, however, raise question treaty of guarantee with Turks at this point.

3. UK Embassy Cyprus will also be instructed urge moderation on Makarios.

4. UK Embassy Washington being instructed review various UK messages with Department and request some parallel US action.2

http://history.state.gov/historicaldocu ... 63v16/d254

[B25]

Insan, what Makarios attempted to do was to stem the spreading of the cancer that Cyprus has been suffering since you landed on these shores.

Surely you can see that. What you posted above is just 1 of a thousand articles that swings both ways, in the end, it is you that are the problem of Cyprus.

Now, when medication doesn't work, we need a surgeon, calling GR....

[zan]

Insan, what Makarios attempted to do was to stem the spreading of the cancer that Cyprus has been suffering since you landed on these shores.

Surely you can see that. What you posted above is just 1 of a thousand articles that swings both ways, in the end, it is you that are the problem of Cyprus.

Now, when medication doesn't work, we need a surgeon, calling GR....

The spreading of the Megali idea and ENOSIS was the cancer mate.....And we are the cure.....

[insan]

More insight on how we were led to the events of 1963...

Telegram From the Embassy in Greece to the Department of StateSourceSource: Department of State, Central Files, 033.1100 – JO/9 – 362. Secret. Repeated to Nicosia.

Athens, September 3, 1962, noon.

307. JODEL. Following is summary record of conversation between Vice President and leaders Turk Cypriot community August 31 at office Vice President Kutchuk. Summary prepared by Bowling and cleared by Vice President. Also present were Denktash, President Turkish Communal Chamber, Min Defense Orek, Min Health Meyera, Min Agriculture Plumar, Ambassador Wilkins and Komer.

The Vice President expressed his pleasure at being in Cyprus and his appreciation over welcome given him by Cypriot people.

Kutchuk presented VP memorandum on position Turkish Cypriot minority (will be forwarded by pouch)11. Transmitted to the Embassy in Rome for the Johnson delegation as unnumbered telegram from Nicosia, September 13. (Ibid., Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, CF 2149) stating he felt VP was a real friend and that he would do what he could for Turk Cypriot minority if he understood facts. He turned to other Turk leaders to present Turk Cypriot views orally.

Min Defense went over recent historical background Cyprus, pointing out Turk Cypriots had given up their goal of partition and wanted make concept bi-communal Cypriot nation work, while Greek Cypriots had apparently not given up their goal of union with Greece. He said Turk and Greek communities had made agreement to work together, and rules of their cooperation in Cypriot nation, agreed to by both, were embodied in provisions Constitution. Turk Cypriots wanted apply those rules, he claimed, but Greeks unfortunately refused implement vital elements Constitution to which they had agreed; this puts the Turkish community in very serious position. Min Defense said Constitution obviously gave Vice President important role in determining foreign policy, but Makarios proceeded make public declarations basic foreign policy of neutrality and non-alignment without consulting Vice President. He complained of interminable delays in formation Cypriot Army. Min Defense ended by saying Turk Cypriots wanted US to understand their position and assist them.

Denktash said Turk Cypriots agreed 100 percent with VP's remarks and speeches on importance of independence and integrity of Cyprus. He stated solution communal problem necessary prevent further spread Communism in Cyprus. He added that to his surprise and horror, he had just discovered that even Turk Cypriot community had been penetrated by Communists. A vital Turk Cypriot community is an essential obstacle to the spread of Communism in Cyprus, he said. The Greek majority, he claimed, keeps pushing constantly on rights of Turk Cypriots, who feel selves being gradually maneuvered into a corner. Denktash warned that if Turk Cypriots should find themselves hopelessly cornered and deprived their rights, they might react in blind desperation with unpredictable consequences. As years go by, said Denktash, the two communities will under good conditions slowly draw together in one Cypriot community. Until that time, he warned, basis of government in Cyprus must be bi-communal, not centralized in a Greek-dominated central regime. He complained of failure central government implement separate municipalities, 70 – 30 ratio in civil service, and alleged reduction central revenues to Turkish education, alleging Greek Cypriots wanted communal chambers to be forced levy heavier taxes in order reduce their standing and support. Denktash said Greek Cypriots refused entertain plan for national university. Wilkins said GOC had not yet made a decision on this subject.

Denktash also asked for US aid to be channeled through communal chambers rather than through central government. He claimed only such aid now was school food programs.

Vice President asked Ambassador Wilkins about this and Wilkins said it was true because education alone was officially in hands communal chambers instead of central regime.

VP said US cannot act like Russians and attempt impose our solutions on problems independent nation no matter how much we might sympathize or not sympathize with one side of a problem.

VP promised read Turk Cypriot memorandum and have responsible US officials study it carefully. VP promised that the US would continue to see that all US aid to Cyprus was utilized fairly and without communal discrimination. VP ended by saying “your kind of people are our friends”.

Denktash returned this sentiment on behalf Turk Cypriot community and affirmed VP visit had given Turk Cypriots new heart and determination to make the Republic work and progress.

http://history.state.gov/historicaldocu ... 63v16/d264


What Denktash claimed about leftists was a sycophantic attitude and redundant information as if CIA wasn't aware of the left wing movements all around the world...

[insan]

... but it seems sycophantic attitude of Denktash regarding left wingers of Cyprus had influenced the US policy to propose Makarios formation of a right winged GC political party...

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265. Telegram From the Embassy in Cyprus to the Department of StateSourceSource: Department of State, Central Files, 780A.00/10 – 862. Secret; Niact.

Nicosia, October 8, 1962, 5 p.m.

222. Minister of Interior Georkadjis mentioned [less than 1 line of source text not declassified] in conversation today that discussions were now taking place which would lead to new Cypriot right-wing political party, but that matter would probably not jell until Makarios approved. We have had similar information from other sources. Georkadjis expressed hope that we would continue to support this concept in conversations with Makarios as President Kennedy did in June and Vice President Johnson did in August. We shall so do here.

In view of these developments, we also recommend that proposed letter by Vice President Johnson to Makarios11. The Department of State transmitted the draft text of the letter in telegram 195 to Nicosia, October 5. In the letter Johnson noted the U.S. commitment to aid Cyprus and the Cypriot Government's agreement in principle to establish a USIA relay station, but advised Makarios that Congress would be unwilling to pay the sum requested by his government since the price was well out of line with the prices paid for other stations. (Ibid., 811.0080A/10 – 562) contain, as recommended earlier today (Embtel 216),22. Not printed. (Ibid., 780A.00/10 – 862) support for formation of right-wing political party.33. In telegram 198, October 9, the Department of State instructed the Embassy: “You authorized support discreetly in talks with Makarios concept of anti-communist Greek-Cypriot political party. VP's letter, however, will not refer to this issue, since if leaked it could give opposition and others grounds for pressing charge U.S. interfering in internal Cypriot affairs.” (Ibid.)

Wilkins

* Source: Department of State, Central Files, 780A.00/10 – 862. Secret; Niact.

1 The Department of State transmitted the draft text of the letter in telegram 195 to Nicosia, October 5. In the letter Johnson noted the U.S. commitment to aid Cyprus and the Cypriot Government's agreement in principle to establish a USIA relay station, but advised Makarios that Congress would be unwilling to pay the sum requested by his government since the price was well out of line with the prices paid for other stations. (Ibid., 811.0080A/10 – 562)

2 Not printed. (Ibid., 780A.00/10 – 862)

3 In telegram 198, October 9, the Department of State instructed the Embassy: “You authorized support discreetly in talks with Makarios concept of anti-communist Greek-Cypriot political party. VP's letter, however, will not refer to this issue, since if leaked it could give opposition and others grounds for pressing charge U.S. interfering in internal Cypriot affairs.” (Ibid.)


http://history.state.gov/historicaldocu ... 63v16/d265

[insan]

no comment... Makarios hypocricy has no bounds....

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Makarios said: “There is no doubt about my anti-Communist views. At same time I must make use of them now and concentrate on making new Cypriot Government work and getting economic development program under way. I cannot risk dissension within Greek Cypriot community, but I will crush Communists if they try to take over our democratic republic.” He said, for example, that former EOKA fighters continue hell-bent to attack Cypriot Communists with force, but that he had with difficulty restrained them in interests of peace in Cyprus.

Makarios commented re right-wing political party that we in US had well-established democratic system with educated electorate and only two political parties; Cyprus did not have well-established democratic system and many of its people were unsophisticated politically. It was true Communists were organized; at same time it was too early similarly to organize right wing because, as in Greece, every Cypriot wanted to be political leader. Makarios feared that instead of one right-wing political party there might be two or more. “What if one of them were called ‘party for union with Greece’? Could I disavow such a party or such a policy?”

http://history.state.gov/historicaldocu ... 63v16/d266

[insan]

No comment... hypocricy of left wing Akel has no bounds... This was not the first time AKEL backstabbed TCs and won't be the last...

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On December 30, President Makarios released a press statement asserting that constitutional provisions regarding separate municipalities were unworkable and that the Government of Cyprus would assume all the legislative and administrative functions previously performed by the separate municipalities. The Embassy commented:

“Unpublicized but secretly welcome by-product of expiration of law re municipalities is removal Communist mayors from Larnaca, Limassol and Famagusta. Commie Deputies, who urged extension of separate municipalities, now expected to join Greek-Cypriot Deputies in vote against extension in order avoid public alignment with Turkish Cypriots. Turkish Communal Chamber passed a law December 29 to assure extension Turkish municipal councils, in case municipalities law is allowed to expire. Greek-Cyps charge this law unconstitutional—fact which they expect to undermine Turkish-Cyps ability exercise authority and collect taxes in their communities. While Greek-Cyps say only economic pressures will be exerted on Turkish-Cyp community and violence is not likely, situation can be expected grow tenser and more volatile.” (Telegram 300 from Nicosia, December 31; Department of State, Central Files, 780A.00/12 – 3162)

http://history.state.gov/historicaldocu ... 63v16/d267

[Nikitas]

Coincidentally Insan, you posted your find the day that arch anticommunist dictator Ioannides died.

If you bother to look at my past posts you will find ample references to the pile of nonsense sold to the Americans about the need for anti communist front in Cyprus, a role which I see Denkatsh took on himself on the TC side. On the GC side it was a role taken on by Greek officers and some remnants of EOKA. Which is precisely what I have posted several times.

The Americans also financed a political movement, on the GC side it went by the acronym EDMA, United Democratic Front of Fighters whose role was anticommunist vigilance, and this is in several posts too.

As to contacts between Makarios and Americans I posted a conversation between Makarios and Underscretary George Ball regarding American requests in Cyprus and the RoC's fulfillment of those requests.

So where is the Nikitas myth?