by christos1 » Mon Mar 02, 2009 6:58 am
UN Resolutions On Cyprus 1960-2006
When in 1964 Turkey first threatened to invade Cyprus, the government of the young Republic brought the matter before the UN Security Council which adopted, unanimously, resolutions that:
* Call upon all Member States, in conformity with their obligations under the Charter of the UN, to refrain from any action or threat of action to worsen the situation in the sovereign Republic of Cyprus or to endanger international peace;
* Call upon all States in conformity with their obligations under the Charter of the UN, and in particular Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 4, to respect the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus;
* They promote a peaceful solution and an agreed settlement of the problem confronting Cyprus, in accordance with the Charter of the UN, having in mind the well-being of the people as a whole and the preservation of international peace and security;
* They created, with the consent of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus, the UN Peacekeeping Force on Cyprus (UNFICYP), whose original mandate was “to use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and, as necessary, to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions”;
* They took cognizance of the fact that the Republic of Cyprus, as an equal Member of the United Nations, is, in accordance with the Charter of the UN, entitled to enjoy, and should enjoy, full sovereignty and complete independence without any foreign intervention or interference;
The main provisions of the UN General Assembly and UN Security Council Resolutions on Cyprus following Turkey’s military invasion in 1974 are summarized below:
* Call for full respect for the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity of the Republic of Cyprus.
* Call on all states to refrain from all acts and interventions directed against it
* Demand the immediate withdrawal of all occupation forces from the Republic of Cyprus
* Stress the importance of eventual demilitarization of the Republic of Cyprus as an objective in the context of an overall comprehensive settlement
* Welcome the proposal for the total demilitarization of Cyprus
* Consider that the de facto situation created by the force of arms should not be allowed to influence or in any way affect the solution of the problem of Cyprus
* Affirm the right of the Republic of Cyprus and its people to full and effective sovereignty and control over the entire territory of Cyprus and its natural resources and call upon all States to support and help the Government of Cyprus to exercise the above-mentioned rights.
* All refugees should return to their homes in conditions of safety
* Respect of the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all Cypriots, including the freedom of movement, the freedom of settlement and the right to property
* Deplore all unilateral actions that change the demographic structure of Cyprus
* Reaffirm the basic need of families to be informed without delay about the fate of their missing relatives
* Consider attempts to settle any part of Varosha by people other than its inhabitants as inadmissible and call for the transfer of this area to the administration of the UN
* Condemn the declaration of the purported secession of part of the Republic of Cyprus
* Call upon all states not to recognize any Cypriot State other than the Republic of Cyprus
* Reiterate the call upon all states not to recognize the purported state of the “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus” set by the secessionist acts and call upon them not to facilitate or in any way assist the aforesaid secessionist entity.
* A Cyprus settlement must be based on a State of Cyprus with a single sovereignty and international personality and a single citizenship, with its independence and territorial integrity safeguarded and comprising two politically equal communities as described in the relevant Security Council resolutions, in a bi-communal and bi-zonal federation.
All relevant UN resolutions reflect the collective will and decisions of the international community concerning Cyprus. As such, they provide the appropriate framework and the basis for a comprehensive settlement to the Question of Cyprus, in conformity with international law and the UN Charter.