Certain comments contained in the US National Intelligence Council's report entitled 2025 Global Trends
http://www.dni.gov/nic/PDF_2025/2025_Gl ... Report.pdf
appear to be relevant to the discussion in this thread, so I quote them below:
p33
The question of Turkey’s EU membership
will be a test of Europe’s outward focus
between now and 2025. Increasing doubts
about Turkey’s chances are likely to slow its
implementation of political and human rights
reforms. Any outright rejection risks wider
repercussions, reinforcing arguments in the
Muslim world—including among Europe’s
Muslim minorities—about the incompatibility
of the West and Islam. Crime could be the
gravest threat inside Europe as Eurasian
transnational organizations—flush from
involvement in energy and mineral
concerns—become more powerful and
broaden their scope. One or more
governments in Eastern or Central Europe
could fall prey to their domination.
Europe will remain heavily dependent on
Russia for energy in 2025, despite efforts to
promote energy efficiency and renewable
energy and lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Varying levels of dependence, differing
perspectives on Russia’s democratic maturity
and economic intentions, and failure to
achieve consensus on Brussels’ role are
hampering nascent efforts to develop common
EU polices on energy diversification and
security. In the absence of a collective
approach that would reduce Russia’s
leverage, this dependence will foster constant
attentiveness to Moscow’s interests by key
countries, including Germany and Italy, who
see Russia as a reliable supplier. Europe
could pay a price for its heavy dependence,
especially if Russian firms are unable to fulfill
contract commitments because of
underinvestment in their natural gas fields or
if growing corruption and organized criminal
involvement in the Eurasian energy sector
spill over to infect Western business interests.
p35 -
Indonesia, Turkey and a post-clerically run
Iran—states that are predominantly Islamic,
but which fall outside the Arab core—appear
well-situated for growing international roles.
A growth-friendly macro-economic policy
climate would allow their natural economic
endowments to flourish. In the case of Iran,
radical political reform will be necessary.
[…]
Turkey’s recent economic track record of
increased growth, the vitality of Turkey’s
emerging middle class and its geostrategic
locale raise the prospect of a growing regional
role in the Middle East. Economic
weaknesses such as its heavy dependence on
external energy sources may help to spur it
toward a greater international role as Turkish
authorities seek to develop their ties with
energy suppliers—including close neighbors
Russia and Iran—and bolster its position as a
transit hub. Over the next 15 years, Turkey’s
most likely course involves a blending of
Islamic and nationalist strains, which could
serve as a model for other rapidly
modernizing countries in the Middle East.