by Nikitas » Mon Jul 28, 2008 2:19 pm
Solar desalination is simple in principle, a little bit complicated in practice because it relies on some clever high tech materials, and is comparatively cheap if you do not require masses of water. The modern setup is different from the simple solar ponds of the 60s.
The system works on two cycles, water and air. Cold seawater is drawn into a heat exchanger chamber were it is used to condense vapours and turn them into fresh water. From there it goes through a solar heater and reaches 60 degrees, then it trickles down through microfiber material in the vaporisation chamber, and from there back to the sea. Air is heated in a solar heater and then passes through the vaporisation chamber where it picks up vapors from the microfiber material, then on to the condensation chamber where the vapors are liquified and then back to the heater to be heated again. All energy for heats and pumps is solar. There are no membranes to clog up, no salt residues in the water produced. The system relies on basic physics. One Dutch group reports that it can produce 1 cubic meter of water from an installation covering one square meter of land. One cubic meter of water can water one thousand lettuces per day, or cover the monthly needs of a small family with zero energy input.