Greek Cypriot Fears
ON Christmas Day, the 950 troops of the Greek Army stationed in Cyprus joined Sampson and his mob, equipped with mortars, artillery and heavy machine guns. The Turkish contingent of 650 soldiers took up strategic positions on the Nicosia-Kyrenia road. Three Turkish jet fighters screamed across the capital as a warning to the Greeks to stop. Paul Marion was a member of the US Navy electronics intelligence gathering facility north of Nicosia, which was set up in 1957. He told me: "I was having a fine lunch at my house, when I heard the planes. They buzzed our neighbourhood so low that they had to climb to clear the slight hill on which we lived. "I dashed up to the roof and saw my Greek neighbours watching the sky. They pleaded for assurances that the aircraft were American. "Sorry. Turkish planes, Turkish insignia and pilots. Then we heard booms in the downtown area which many of us thought were exploding bombs. In fact, they were sonic booms and the noise of the jets' after-burners. This was easily the most memorable Christmas of my 71 years." Bob Casale, a member of the USN team at the American Embassy says: "Battles were fought in all areas of Cyprus, day and night, but the most significant battles took place at night when bands of men roamed the streets, "Most of the fighting in Nicosia was confined to the walled city, where small arms firing at night could be heard for miles. At our hotel, we could hear the noise and, as a precaution, kept the drapes drawn and lights off so as not to attract the attention of a wayward sniper looking for a target. Travel was significantly restricted and it had a dramatic effect on our work schedule." Britain called for an immediate cease-fire. (At this time, few people knew that it was the British High Commissioner who had given Makarios the "green light" to demand and implement his Constitutional amendments.) Makarios and his team, frightened by what they had unleashed, now called for urgent talks with the Cypriot Turkish leadership, as well as drawing into the discussions the diplomatic representatives of Britain and the United States. At no time, however, did they order their underground forces, including Sampson, to stop their attacks. Village after village of Cypriot Turks continued to be annihilated.
Britain Acts
AT the request of Makarios, Britain now provided a "peace force" from its Sovereign Bases. It would be the forerunner of the UN Force. Greek and Turkish military units were expected to be part of it. Major-General Peter Young took command. By New Year's Day 1964 he had positioned his troops between the two sides in Nicosia and tried to impose a cease-fire. The General looked at a map of the capital and with a green china graph pencil drew a line. The Cypriot Turks were to stay North and the Greek Cypriots South. This has become known as "The Green Line". The term is often misused to indicate the division of Cyprus today, but actually only relates to Nicosia. "Mac" McElliligot was a Flight Lieutenant with the RAF Regiment and given the job of setting up a Wing Headquarters, Operations, Briefing and Intelligence Unit, in a mobile caravan that was parked in a Nicosia street. "On one occasion, at the request of the Turkish Vice-President, we had to send eight vehicles, drivers and escorts to a remote Turkish village which had been levelled to the ground by Greek elements using tractors and other heavy, armour-plated vehicles," he recalls. "The bodies of those killed were brought back and handed over to the Vice-President in the Turkish part of the walled city."
In the space of just four days, 30,000 Cypriot Turks were forced to flee 103 villages, according to UN reports. "One incident I recall with amusement from those days was when a Greek manager of the Ledra Palace Hotel, where we had moved our Ops, came to me and handed a wad of bills for our accommodation. They totalled £8,000..
"I returned them to him and said: 'We were brought into this conflict at the request of Makarios to aid the civil power - give the bills to him with my compliments. That was the last I heard."
http://www.britains-smallwars.com/cyprus/UNFICYP.html