by utu » Thu Nov 15, 2007 8:00 pm
Here's an article that appeared in the Tiraspol Times regarding the UDI anniversary.
De-facto independent Northern Cyprus turns 24
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is celebrating its 24 year birthday today. Like Pridnestrovie, the 'de facto' independent country is seeking international recognition of its statehood. The country is smaller than Pridnestrovie but already has more than twenty different diplomatic representations abroad.
By Karen Ryan, 15/Nov/2007
Above its masthead, the cover of the English-language "Cyprus Times" announces TRNC's 24th anniversary celebration NICOSIA (Tiraspol Times) - On the divided island of Cyprus, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is a "de facto" country which is so far only recognized by Turkey. And today, the country marks 24 years since its declaration of independence.
For the past twenty four years, Northern Cyprus has lived on its own, lacking UN-membership and suffering from a customs blockade by its southern neighbor. But in an important test for the viability of statehood, it has survived in the face of adversity. Now Pridnestrovie looks to the island to learn from TRNC's relative success.
" - We turn 18 next year, so the Turkish Cypriots have a head-start on us," says Petru Gladchi, a civil rights activist based in Tiraspol. "Their independence is older than ours, and we hope that they can teach us a thing or two about resisting the pressure of the international community. We don't want to abandon our dreams of independence, and it seems like they don't want to either."
The 24th anniversary of the establishment of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus will be celebrated throughout this week and part of next week in the small country of just over a quarter of a million inhabitants.
Various social and cultural activities to mark the date have already kicked off, starting on Tuesday and Wednesday. Official ceremonies marking the anniversary will be held throughout Thursday, 15 November. The activities will continue for a full week, until 22 November.
Within the framework of these activities a workshop entitled "Interdisciplinary Art Work" started on Tuesday. A photo exhibition will be on display as from Thursday. On Wednesday night, Turkish pop singer Ferhat Gocer gave a concert. Today the "Turkish Stars", the aerobatic team of the Turkish Air Force, are scheduled to perform an air show.
Smaller than Pridnestrovie
The Mediterranean island of Cyprus is divided into a Greek Cypriot-controlled south and a Turkish Cypriot controlled north, which is not widely recognized internationally.
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is smaller than Pridnestrovie. Whereas Pridnestrovie has some 550,000 inhabitants, the TRNC has left than half that: A mere 264,000 at last count. Pridnestrovie is also larger in territory, with 4,163 km² versus TRNC's 3,355 km² (1,295 sq mi) under sovereign control.
But there is one area where the history of the two states is similar: They were both founded to protect the human rights of ethnic minorities.
In 1974, the Greek military junta, which was then ruling Athens, overthrew the democratic government of Cyprus in a coup. The new regime engaged in widespread persecution of the island's Turkish minority, forcing Turkey to intervene to protect the human rights of the ethnic Turkish population of the northern half of the island. The move also stopped the attempt of Greece's dictatorship to annex the island to Greece, an act which would have been illegal under international law and which was similar to Saddam Hussein's later attempt to annex Kuwait to Iraq.
Eager to avoid annexation to Greece, on 13 February 1975, the north created the Turkish Cypriot Federated Republic. The Federated Republic wanted first of all to maintain Cyprus as an independent state, and avoid an illegal annexation to Greece. That goal was met. Secondly, it wanted the majority-Turkish north to united with the southern Greek Cyprus in a federation similar to the arrangement which currently is in place in Bosnia. But the Greek Cypriots resisted since they wanted a unitary state which could be ruled by the majority in the south, and after nearly nine years of no progress towards the federation that the north wanted, it was clear that talks led nowhere. This prompted the north to instead declare full independence: On 15 November 1983, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declared its independence as a sovereign state based on the right of its people to self-determination.
The new country obtained international recognition from Turkey, and also receives support from Azerbaijan, but its 'de facto' independence has not yet been formally recognized by any other countries. Functioning as a separate independent state, it meets the requirements for statehood under international law.
Foreign diplomatic representations
Despite being smaller than Pridnestrovie in both size and population, Northern Cyprus has a much stronger diplomatic presence abroad.
The republic has permanent diplomatic representatives in a total of twenty-two countries: Turkey, Belgium, the United States, the United Kingdom, Azerbaijan, the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Germany, Canada, South Africa, China, France, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Italy, Austria, Ghana, Malaysia, Hungary, Jordan and Kyrgyzstan.
In Turkey, the TRNC has a full-fledged embassy, but in most of the other cases the country has merely assigned honorary consults who - although they don't have the exequatur from the host countries - perform most the regular duties of other consuls.
In the United States, the TRNC has two offices: Its representative office in Washington D.C. has a permanent staff of five people, who are career diplomats and in most cases come from the island. In addition, it also has an office in New York, which is a separate US-based representative office located inside the United Nations building and which lobbies UN-members for the right of the people of Northern Cyprus to be heard.
TRNC also uses its foreign representations to obtain financial support, with the European Union's foreign ministers recently agreeing to provide the TRNC with 259 million euros in aid.
In September 2005, the Turkish Cypriot Chamber of Commerce opened a trade representation in Brussels. The Chamber is officially recognized by the European Union as an authority which can legally issue certificates of origin for goods produced in Northern Cyprus. These certificates are valid in the territory of the EU, and they effectively help the TRNC break a customs blockade which Greek Cyprus wages against it.
TRNC has relations with leading European organizations, especially the Council of Europe, PACE and the European Court for Human Rights (ECHR). Starting from 2004, PACE has allowed Turkish Cypriot representatives to take part in the work of PACE structures and to speak at PACE plenary sessions.
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus issue its own passports for international travel. The UK, France and the United States have recognized the TRNC passports and apply the "limited international recognition" status to them without facing any international legal sanctions. Azerbaijan also recognize the passports of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and in 2005 established a visa-free regime for travel between the two republics