by YeReVaN » Tue Jun 07, 2005 7:10 pm
GENOCIDE SCHOLARS CALL ON TURKEY TO END DENIAL
OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
ANCA Welcomes Open Letter by Leaders of the
International Association of Genocide Scholars
WASHINGTON, DC - The Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA) has welcomed an open letter by leaders of the International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) calling on Turkey to end its campaign of denial of the Armenian Genocide and urging the Turkish government to accept responsibility for this crime against humanity.
The open letter, dated April 6th and first reported by Bloomberg News on April 14th, was signed by Robert Robert Melson, the President of the IAGS; Israel Charny, Vice-President of the Association, and; New York Times Best-Selling author Peter Balakian, who holds the Donald M. and Constance H. Rebar Professor of the Humanities at Colgate University. These scholars wrote in response to Turkish Prime Minister Erdogan's call for an "impartial investigation" of the fate of the Armenians in Turkey in 1915.
"We very much appreciate the strong leadership, academic integrity, and moral clarity of professors Melson, Charney, and Balakian in challenging Prime Minister Erdogan's cynical attempt to force an artificial debate on an issue that is thoroughly documented and universally accepted - except by the few remaining academic mercenaries in the service of Turkey's state-controlled institutions," said Aram Hamparian, Executive Director of the ANCA.
Speaking on behalf of the "the major body of scholars who study genocide in North America and Europe," the authors of the letter noted that the "Armenian Genocide is abundantly documented by thousands of official records of the United States and nations around the world including Turkey’s wartime allies Germany, Austria and Hungary, by Ottoman court-martial records, by eyewitness accounts of missionaries and diplomats, by the testimony of survivors, and by decades of historical scholarship."
The letter went on to stress that, "there may be differing interpretations of genocide - how and why the Armenian Genocide happened, but to deny its factual and moral reality as genocide is not to engage in scholarship but in propaganda and efforts to absolve the perpetrator, blame the victims, and erase the ethical meaning of this history."
"We would also note that scholars who advise your government and who are affiliated in other ways with your state-controlled institutions are not impartial. Such so-called "scholars" work to serve the agenda of historical and moral obfuscation when they advise you and the Turkish Parliament on how to deny the Armenian Genocide," the letter continued. "We believe that it is clearly in the interest of the Turkish people and their future as a proud and equal participant in international, democratic discourse to acknowledge the responsibility of a previous government for the genocide of the Armenian people, just as the German government and people have done in the case of the Holocaust."
Commenting on the letter, Hamparian added: "Clearly, the international pressure is growing on Turkey, and Ankara is finding itself increasingly isolated in its campaign of genocide denial. Unfortunately, rather than following the post World War II German model of accepting responsibility - as suggested in this letter - the Turkish government has responded, internally, by outlawing discussion of the Armenian Genocide - through Section 306 of their new penal code, and, abroad, in the form of aggressive, but increasingly transparent, efforts to deny the truth, engage in diversionary tactics, and escape justice for its crime."
The full text of the letter is provided below.
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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GENOCIDE SCHOLARS
President: Robert Melson (USA)
Vice-President: Israel Charny (Israel)
Secretary-Treasurer: Steven Jacobs (USA)
Respond to: Robert Melson, Professor of Political Science Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
April 6, 2005
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan
TC Easbakanlik
Bakanlikir
Ankara, Turkey
FAX: 90 312 417 0476
Dear Prime Minister Erdogan:
We are writing you this open letter in response to your call for an “impartial study by historians” concerning the fate of the Armenian people in the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
We represent the major body of scholars who study genocide in North America and Europe. We are concerned that in calling for an impartial study of the Armenian Genocide you may not be fully aware of the extent of the scholarly and intellectual record on the Armenian Genocide and how this event conforms to the definition of the United Nations Genocide Convention. We want to underscore that it is not just Armenians who are affirming the Armenian Genocide but it is hundreds of independent scholars, who have no affiliations with governments, and whose work spans many countries and nationalities and the course of decades. The scholarly evidence reveals the following:
On April 24, 1915, under cover of World War I, the Young Turk government of the Ottoman Empire began a systematic genocide of its Armenian citizens – an unarmed Christian minority population. More than a million Armenians were exterminated through direct killing, starvation, torture, and forced death marches. Another million fled into permanent exile. Thus an ancient civilization was expunged from its homeland of 2,500 years.
The Armenian Genocide was the most well-known human rights issue of its time and was reported regularly in newspapers across the United States and Europe. The Armenian Genocide is abundantly documented by thousands of official records of the United States and nations around the world including Turkey’s wartime allies Germany, Austria and Hungary, by Ottoman court-martial records, by eyewitness accounts of missionaries and diplomats, by the testimony of survivors, and by decades of historical scholarship.
The Armenian Genocide is corroborated by the international scholarly, legal, and human rights community:
1) Polish jurist Raphael Lemkin, when he coined the term genocide in 1944, cited the Turkish extermination of the Armenians and the Nazi extermination of the Jews as defining examples of what he meant by genocide.
2) The killings of the Armenians is genocide as defined by the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
3) In 1997 the International Association of Genocide Scholars, an organization of the world’s foremost experts on genocide, unanimously passed a formal resolution affirming the Armenian Genocide.
4) 126 leading scholars of the Holocaust including Elie Wiesel and Yehuda Bauer placed a statement in the New York Times in June 2000 declaring the “incontestable fact of the Armenian Genocide” and urging western democracies to acknowledge it.
5) The Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide (Jerusalem), the Institute for the Study of Genocide (NYC) have affirmed the historical fact of the Armenian Genocide.
6) Leading texts in the international law of genocide such as William A. Schabas’s Genocide in International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2000) cite the Armenian Genocide as a precursor to the Holocaust and as a precedent for the law on crimes against humanity.
We note that there may be differing interpretations of genocide - how and why the Armenian Genocide happened, but to deny its factual and moral reality as genocide is not to engage in scholarship but in propaganda and efforts to absolve the perpetrator, blame the victims, and erase the ethical meaning of this history.
We would also note that scholars who advise your government and who are affiliated in other ways with your state-controlled institutions are not impartial. Such so-called “scholars” work to serve the agenda of historical and moral obfuscation when they advise you and the Turkish Parliament on how to deny the Armenian Genocide.
We believe that it is clearly in the interest of the Turkish people and their future as a proud and equal participant in international, democratic discourse to acknowledge the responsibility of a previous government for the genocide of the Armenian people, just as the German government and people have done in the case of the Holocaust.
Sincerely,
[signed]
Robert Melson
Professor of Political Science
President, International Association of Genocide Scholars
[signed]
Israel Charny
Vice President, International Association of Genocide Scholars
Editor in Chief, Encyclopedia of Genocide
[signed]
Peter Balakian
Donald M. and Constance H. Rebar Professor of the Humanities
Colgate University
